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goads的音標(biāo)：...

n.趕牲口的尖棒( goad的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )v.刺激( goad的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù) )，激勵(lì)，（用尖棒）驅(qū)趕，驅(qū)使（或慫恿、刺激）某人...

They are motivated by the twin goads of punishment and reward.他們受賞與罰的雙重因素所激勵(lì)....